Population

World Bank Group. Population, Total - Guyana (1960-2023). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?locations=GY. Accessed 5 May 2025.

Population by Region

Guyana Bureau of Statistics. 2012 Population & Housing Census Final Results. 10 May 2016, https://statisticsguyana.gov.gy/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Final_2012_Census_Count-1.pdf.

United Nations, Population Division. International Migrant Stock 2020 [Destination and Origin]. https://www.un.org/development/desa/pd/content/international-migrant-stock. Accessed 5 May 2025.

U.S. Census Bureau. Place of Birth for the Foreign-Born Population in the United States. American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2021, https://data.census.gov/table/B05006. B05006 (Variable B05006_161 for Guyana).

Government of Canada, Statistics Canada. Immigrant Population by Selected Places of Birth, Admission Category and Period of Immigration, 2021 Census. 26 Oct. 2022, https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/dv-vd/imm/index-en.cfm.

Office for National Statistics. All Usual Residents, Lower Tier Local Authorities, England and Wales, Country of Birth (Extended), 2021. 21 Mar. 2021, https://www.ons.gov.uk/filters/e95024a8-aabc-4327-8b36-630f1b27682e/dimensions.

African Slaves

Eltis, David. A Brief Overview of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade,’ Slave Voyages: The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Database. https://www.slavevoyages.org/voyages/SzPhOxXs. Accessed 18 May 2025.

Indian Indentured Servants

van der Veer, Peter, and Steven Vertovec. “Brahmanism Abroad: On Caribbean Hinduism as an Ethnic Religion.” Ethnology, vol. 30, no. 2, 1991, p. 18, https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2307/3773407.

The Long Journey: From India to Guyana - Guyana Chronicle. 5 May 2014,https://guyanachronicle.com/2014/05/05/the-long-journey-from-india-to-guyana/.

Chinese Indentured Servants

Sue-A-Quan, Trevelyan. Cane Reapers 3rd Edition: Chinese Indentured Immigrants in Guyana. 3rd ed., Cane Press, 2017.